---

FRCA Notes is an educational resource intended for use by those sitting the FRCA exams.
It is in no way affiliated with, or endorsed by, the Royal College of Anaesthetists.
The information contained within should not be used as the sole basis upon which to make decisions regarding clinical care.
All content is checked for accuracy at the time of writing, but it is at the discretion of the user to check it is up-to-date.
References are supplied where possible; FRCA Notes is not responsible for the content of external sites.

---